{"id":14,"date":"2014-01-21T13:57:56","date_gmt":"2014-01-21T13:57:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/?p=14"},"modified":"2018-02-19T13:34:24","modified_gmt":"2018-02-19T13:34:24","slug":"the-clavecin-magnetique-m-labbe-bertholon-france-1785","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/the-clavecin-magnetique-m-labbe-bertholon-france-1785\/","title":{"rendered":"1867\u5e74\uff1aElectromechanical Piano [\u745e\u58eb]Matthias Hipp"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\u201c\u745e\u58eb\u7231\u8fea\u751f\u201d\u2014\u2014\u9a6c\u63d0\u4e9a\u00b7\u5e0c\u666e\uff081813.10.25<\/a>

\u201c\u745e\u58eb\u7231\u8fea\u751f\u201d\u2014\u2014\u9a6c\u63d0\u4e9a\u00b7\u5e0c\u666e\uff081813.10.25 – 1893.5.3\uff09<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

1867\u5e74\uff1a\u9a6c\u63d0\u4e9a\u2022\u5e0c\u666e\u7684\u7535\u673a\u94a2\u7434\uff08Electromechanical Piano\uff09<\/em><\/p>\n

\u9a6c\u63d0\u4e9a\u00b7\u5e0c\u666e\uff08Matthias Hipp\uff09\u62e5\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u53d1\u660e\u548c\u6539\u826f\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\uff08Chronoscopes\uff09\u3001\u8ba1\u65f6\u7801\u8868\uff08Chronographs\uff09\u3001\u7535\u6d41\u8ba1\uff08Galvanometers\uff09\u3001\u94c1\u8def\u4fe1\u53f7\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u624b\u8868\u3001\u65f6\u949f\u3001\u7535\u62a5\u65f6\u95f4\u63a2\u6d4b\u4eea\uff08Telegraphic time detectors\uff09\u3001\u7535\u4f20\u7535\u62a5\u673a\uff08Telexes\uff09\u3001\u7f51\u8054\u578b\u7535\u5b50\u65f6\u949f\uff08Networked electronic clock\uff09\u3001\u706b\u707e\u8b66\u62a5\u5668\u3001\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\u3001\u5730\u9707\u4eea\uff08Seismographs\uff09\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u9640\u87ba\u4eea\u7b49\u7b49\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u771f\u6b63\u201d\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u7535\u5b50\u4e50\u5668\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

1867\u5e74\uff0c\u5e0c\u666e\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u7535\u673a\u94a2\u7434\uff08Electromechanical Piano\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u4e50\u5668\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6f14\u594f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u53ef\u8003\u2014\u2014\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u732e\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be5\u7434\u66f4\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u4f46\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u732e\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u53f0\u201c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u201d\u7535\u5b50\u4e50\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2a\u7535\u6eda\u5b50\uff08dynamos\uff09\u4ea7\u751f\u58f0\u97f3\uff1a<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u8bf4\u5230\u7535\u5b50\u4e50\u5668\u7684\u9f3b\u7956\uff0c\u5e0c\u666e\uff08\u59d3\u4e0d\u660e\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u7535\u673a\u94a2\u7434\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e50\u5668\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u7535\u78c1\u94c1\u7684\u952e\u76d8\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7535\u78c1\u94c1\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\u6eda\u5b50\uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u5c0f\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u53d1\u751f\u5668\uff0c\u5373\u53d1\u7535\u673a\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e50\u5668\u53d1\u51fa\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5361\u5e0c\u5c14\u7684\u7535\u4f20\u7c27\u98ce\u7434\uff08Teleharmonium\uff09\u4e0a\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7535\u6eda\u5b50\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014Andreas Baroni: \u201cA brief History of Synthesizers\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u7535\u673a\u94a2\u7434\u2014\u2014\u7531\u745e\u58eb\u7eb3\u6c99\u6cf0\u5c14\uff08Neuchatel\uff09\u4e00\u5bb6\u7535\u62a5\u673a\u5382\u7684\u7ecf\u7406\u5e0c\u666e\uff08\u59d3\u4e0d\u660e\uff09\u53d1\u660e\u3002\u8be5\u4e50\u5668\u7684\u952e\u76d8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u7535\u78c1\u94c1\uff0c\u7535\u78c1\u94c1\u518d\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\u6eda\u5b50\uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u5c0f\u53d1\u7535\u673a\uff09\u8fdb\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u7535\u6eda\u5b50\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6848\u540e\u6765\u4e5f\u5728\u6492\u8fea\u5384\u65af\u00b7\u5361\u5e0c\u5c14\u7684\u201c\u6eda\u5b50\u7434\u201d\uff08Dynamophone\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u7535\u4f20\u7c27\u98ce\u7434\uff09\u4e2d\u6709\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014Kevin M Walczyk\u00a0 \u201dElectroacoustic Music A brief historical outline and recorded anthology\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u90e8\u4e50\u5668\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u53f0\u7528\u7535\u6765\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u94a2\u7434\uff1a<\/p>\n

1850\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u7535\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u52a8\u94a2\u7434\u3002\u4f46\u5176\u540e\u4e0d\u5c11\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4e50\u5668\u90fd\u662f\u53c2\u8003\u9a6c\u63d0\u4e9a\u2022\u5e0c\u666e\u57281867\u5e74\u5236\u9020\u7684\u7535\u6c14\u7434\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014Hugh Davies. New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u8bf4\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u7535\u6c14\u7434\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u5728\u5e0c\u666e\u8868(Hipp Chronoscope)\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002\u5e0c\u666e\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7535\u5b50\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u77ac\u65f6\u65f6\u957f\uff0c\u7531\u9ad8\u9891\u632f\u52a8\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u9f7f\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u949f\u6446\uff09\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u64d2\u7eb5\u88c5\u7f6e\uff08escape mechanism\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u800c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u5219\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4eea\u5668\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u9f7f\u7684\u632f\u52a8\u9891\u7387\u5fc5\u987b\u8fbe\u5230\u6052\u5b9a1000Hz\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8c03\u6821\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e50\u5668\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u8bf7\u4e00\u4f4d\u80fd\u591f\u5206\u8fa8\u5df2\u77e51000Hz\u97f3\u53c9\u548c\u672a\u77e5\u58f0\u97f3\u95f4\u533a\u522b\u7684\u94a2\u7434\u8c03\u5f8b\u5e08\uff1a<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u94a2\u7434\u8c03\u5f8b\u5e08\u7684\u8033\u6735\u76f8\u5f53\u7075\u5149\uff0c\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u636e\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u6d4b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u540c\u6837\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u4e5f\u66fe\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u97f3\u53c9\u751f\u4ea7\u5546\u90a3\u91cc\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u968f\u4fbf\u4e0a\u4e00\u5802\u7269\u7406\u8bfe\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u9891\u7387\u7684\u7cbe\u51c6\u6027\u4e0a\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5176\u4ed6\u4e1c\u897f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u97f3\u53c9\u66f4\u7cbe\u51c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cbe\u51c6\u6027\u662f\u5728\u62cd\u9891\u8fd9\u4e00\u58f0\u5b66\u73b0\u8c61\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5728\u62cd\u9891\u73b0\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a0d\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u97f3\u53c9\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u9707\u52a8\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b0\u4ea7\u751f\u58f0\u97f3\u7684\u9891\u7387\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u97f3\u53c9\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5141\u8bb8\u4eba\u4eec\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u77eb\u6b63\u97f3\u51c6\u6709\u8bef\u7684\u97f3\u53c9\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014Edward J. Haupt Montclair State University<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u7434\u952e\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u91d1\u5c5e\u9f7f\u7684\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u5b9a\u9891\u7387\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5e0c\u666e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7535\u6c14\u7434\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e50\u5668\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u90fd\u662f\u53ea\u5236\u9020\u8fc7\u4e00\u53f0\u7684\u8bd5\u9a8c\u54c1\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u5728\u7eb3\u6c99\u6cf0\u5c14\u7535\u62a5\u673a\u5382\u5de5\u4f5c\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u56fe\u518c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7\u8fd9\u53f0\u4e50\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u519b\u961f\u4f7f\u7528\u5e0c\u666e\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5f39\u9053\u8bd5\u9a8c\"<\/a>

\u519b\u961f\u4f7f\u7528\u5e0c\u666e\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5f39\u9053\u8bd5\u9a8c<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\u7eb3\u6c99\u6cf0\u5c14\u7535\u62a5\u673a\u5382\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u56fe\u518c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5e0c\u666e\u7684\u53d1\u660e\uff081869\uff09,\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u7535\u673a\u94a2\u7434\u3002\"<\/a>

\u7eb3\u6c99\u6cf0\u5c14\u7535\u62a5\u673a\u5382\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u56fe\u518c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5e0c\u666e\u7684\u53d1\u660e\uff081869\uff09,\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u7535\u673a\u94a2\u7434\u3002<\/p><\/div>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n

M.Hipp \u751f\u5e73\u7b80\u4ecb<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n

Hugh Davies.\u00a0New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians<\/i>. Macmillan Publishers Ltd<\/p>\n

\u201cElectroacoustic Music A brief historical outline and recorded anthology\u201d.\u00a0Kevin M Walczyk , Western Oregon University.\u00a01997,\u00a0Keveli Music<\/p>\n

Andreas Baroni: \u201cA brief History of Synthesizers\u201d<\/p>\n

\u2018The Hipp Chronoscope\u2019. Dr Thomas Schraven, Krefeld. 2003<\/p>\n

\u2018The Controversy between G. E. M\u0081ller and Wilhelm Wundt over the proper measurement of reaction time\u2019. Edward J. Haupt , Montclair State University 1999.<\/p>\n

– See more at: http:\/\/120years.net\/the-electromechanical-piano-msr-hippsswitzerland1867\/#sthash.2OcVzv5r.dpuf<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  1867\u5e74\uff1a\u9a6c\u63d0\u4e9a\u2022\u5e0c\u666e\u7684\u7535\u673a\u94a2\u7434\uff08Electromechanic […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-1800-1900","dwtl normal"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2732,"href":"https:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14\/revisions\/2732"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lifesea.org\/120years\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}